• 有助身體內部清潔
• 獲得TLS健康生活纖營計劃的最大好處
• 有助維持消化系統健康
• 或有助增加飽肚感及抑壓食慾
• 或支援肝臟健康
  
  

不含麩質 - 本產品不含可檢測出之麩質*

* 美國食品藥物監督管理局（FDA）將含有少於20PPM麩質的製成產品列為不含麩質

TLS排毒組合包含美安香港其中最受歡迎的5種產品，以支援你的健康、保健及減重的所需。TLS排毒組合有助你清除癈物和毒素，更提供９折優惠。

NutriClean® 腸道營養纖維粉有可口的莓果味道，易於與水混合。此纖維粉含有可溶纖維、有助維持健康的益生菌以及必要的腸道養份。腸道為消化系統中主要的排泄部位，亦是消化系統整體健康的主要決定因素。此產品配方所含的纖維及益生菌相互合作維持消化道健康，並同時有助減少乳糖不耐症。因此，美安香港的 NutriClean® 腸道營養纖維粉不單提供高質素的可溶性纖維，還提供有益健康的益生菌，益生菌能維持腸道內的益菌數量，保持腸內微生物的平衡。

此組合包含美安香港的最受歡迎抗氧化產品－Isotonix OPC-3®沖飲。Isotonix OPC-3®沖飲能有助對抗自由基。多項研究顯示OPCs比維他命Ｃ及維他命Ｅ更有效中和堆積在體內的有害自由基及氧化物。Isotonix OPC-3®沖飲含有碧容健®（Pycnogenol®），幫助腸道對抗氧化反應及自由基。

身體在排毒的同時，亦要補充多種身體所需的維他命。Isotonix®綜合維他命沖飲富含多種重要維他命及礦物質，有助食物轉化為能量，維持正常代謝功能，支援細胞健康生長及修補並有助維持體內水份及電解質平衡，以支援健康體重。

要在排毒期間抑制食慾，TLS®CORE高效修身配方控醣‧控脂二合一有助限制人體吸收高澱粉含量的碳水化合物同時支援飽肚感，有助控制飢餓感及對食物的渴望，以免在排毒期間造成干擾。

薑黃精華－補肝排毒配方為具科學支援的營養補充品，配方有助維持健康的穀胱甘肽水平、維持細胞健康與完整及提供抗氧化功能，從而支援肝臟及認知健康。穀胱甘肽為人體中的主要抗氧化物，可保護腦部和人體其他組織免受自由基侵襲。此外，穀胱甘肽循環利用同為強效抗氧化物的維他命C及E。因此，薑黃精華－補肝排毒配方有助維持人體中重要的抗氧化活動。

TLS CORE高效修身配方控醣‧控脂二合一

鉻
鉻是人體必需的微量礦物質，協助代謝作用及利用碳水化合物與脂肪。鉻為耐糖因子，促進輸送血糖至細胞，從而協助維持正常胰島素活動。鉻亦有助維持健康的膽固醇及其他血脂水平。鉻參與代謝作用，所以普遍使用於天然減重產品。

白腎豆萃取物
研究顯示，補充白腎豆萃取物促進減重、身體質量指數(BMI)及脂肪含量。白腎豆為澱粉酶抑制劑，而澱粉酶會將碳水化合物分解成葡萄糖等較易吸收的糖。隨年齡增長，利用飲食所得碳水化合物的能力會減慢，導致血糖水平增加，人體會將過量糖份儲存為脂肪。澱粉酶參與碳水化合物的消化過程，以及其後吸收多餘卡路里的過程。補充白腎豆萃取物令若干碳水化合物通過人體時不會被消化，阻止這些碳水化合物轉化成脂肪。

LeptiCore™*
LeptiCore為採用植物多醣及酯化脂肪酸製造的專利、安全和天然複合物，顯示可支援健康體重水平。LeptiCore配方包含阿拉伯膠、瓜爾豆膠、刺槐豆膠、石榴萃取物、藍綠藻萃取物及β-胡蘿蔔素。

*LeptiCore®為 Gateway Health Alliance, Inc.的商標

GreenSelect™  Phytosome™**  無咖啡因綠茶葉萃取物
GreenSelect Phytosome與市面上一般綠茶不同，混合標準無咖啡因綠茶葉萃取物及大豆磷脂（主要由脂肪酸、磷組及簡單有基分子組成），用於協助人體免受自由基的不良影響侵襲，以及提高產品的生物利用率及功效。

科學家一直研究綠茶的強效抗氧化能力，普偏相信綠茶可促進健康的代謝率，有助燃燒更多卡路里，達至減重效果。科學研究亦顯示，標準綠茶葉萃取物促進脂肪氧化過程（分解體內儲存脂肪提供能量的過程）。

**GreenSelect™Phytosome™為Indena S.p.A..的商標

薑黃精華─補肝排毒配方

薑黃素(BCM-95™***)
科學家一直留意到印度香料薑黃對健康帶來的多種好處。薑黃含有活性植物化學成份薑黃素。目前為止，薑黃素的生物可用性偏低，需服用高劑量方有益健康。BCM-95提供具更高生物可用性的薑黃素，帶來多方面的健康好處。

這是怎樣做到的？傳統的95%萃取物集中取自薑黃根一個部份。薑黃的生物活性成份含有「類薑黃素」，而薑黃素是最重要的分子。研究顯示，薑黃素對健康有廣泛益處。BCM-95代表薑黃根的天然程度，它是100%純天然的。

抗氧化物越來越受關注，我們需要知道哪種營養是抗氧化物並了解其資料。薑黃素就是其中一種抗氧化物。

薑黃素對認知健康的支援是其最廣獲研究的功能之一。研究顯示，薑黃素可通過血液與腦部間的屏障，支援腦部澱粉樣β蛋白的正常製造。這隨我們年紀增長有助支援認知健康。薑黃素的另一個特質，是能夠促進腦部穀胱甘肽、超氧歧化酶及過氧化氫酶的正常水平。

***BCM-95™ 為Dolcas Biotech LLC. 的商標

西蘭花籽萃取物
過去25年，一直有文獻記錄西蘭花及其他十字花科蔬菜的健康好處與保護功能。西蘭花籽萃取物含豐富蘿蔔硫素硫配糖體。蘿蔔硫素支援穀胱甘肽合成酶等酵素的正常製造。蘿蔔硫素亦促進人體的自然酵素抗氧化防禦機制，並為強效的間接抗氧化成份。

蘿蔔硫素硫配糖體可支援人體的自然防禦機制，並維持健康的穀胱甘肽水平。穀胱甘肽為人體的主要抗氧化物。它是重要的分子和強效的抗氧化物，保護腦部和人體其他組織免受自由基侵襲。此外，穀胱甘肽亦循環利用可中和自由基的維他命C及E。

硒（甲硒胺酸）
硒是硒蛋白（例如谷胱甘肽過氧化物酶）的必要輔因子。

Isotonix OPC-3 沖飲

葡萄籽萃取物
葡萄籽萃取物主要提取自紅葡萄（非白葡萄）的籽，含有大量稱為原花色素(OPC)的複合物。這些原花色素亦存在於多種水果及蔬菜，包括松樹皮（內含的原花色素即為碧容健®）及綠茶，如葡萄籽萃取物一樣，它們均具抗氧化能力。這些抗氧化物有助保護細胞免受自由基損害，並促進心血管健康及正常視力。葡萄籽萃取物還擁有極豐富的多酚類，多酚類含有大量抗氧化物。

紅酒萃取物
紅酒是天然存在的抗氧化物，存在於葡萄藤、根、籽及莖，於葡萄皮的含量更是最高。紅酒的抗氧化特質比白酒強很多，這帶來一個惹人爭論的概念。90年代末，科學家留意到關於法國人的一個現象：某些省份的人進食較高脂肪的食物並同時飲用紅酒，而從古至今這些人心臟健康的比率非常高。紅酒的特性相信可保護心臟健康。此外，試管及動物身上測試顯示，紅酒萃取物有助令血管保持張開及有彈性。

松樹皮萃取物（碧容健，Pycnogenol®†）
碧容健®（Pycnogenol®）是由海岸松樹皮提取的天然植物萃取物；海岸松樹只生長在法國西南部沿岸的加斯科尼地區。這不受污染的天然樹林就是碧容健®的唯一來源。碧容健®擁有三項基本特質：抗氧化、選擇性結合膠原蛋白及彈力蛋白，以及協助內皮細胞製造一氧化氮；一氧化氮能促進血液的正常舒張。

碧容健®作為最強效的天然自由基對抗物，能去除所有具侵略性的自由基，阻止自由基透過氧化壓力損害人體。碧容健的抗氧化能力有助鞏固血管壁及毛細血管，更有助維持正常的血液循環及細胞活力。

現時，碧容健®是天然產品巿場上受到最廣泛研究的成份之一。

†碧容健®為賀發研究機構 (Horphag Research Ltd.) 的註冊商標，此產品受一個或多個美國專利和其他國際專利的保護。

歐洲藍莓萃取物
歐洲藍莓萃取物提取自歐洲一種普遍矮灌木的果實，這種植物與藍莓非常近似。

成熟的莓類萃取物含有稱為花青素的黃酮類色素，它們具有抗氧化功效。科學研究顯示，歐洲藍莓有助支援視力及靜脈健康。歐洲藍莓萃取物亦可鞏固毛細血管及動脈。

柑橘生物類黃酮複合物       
生物類黃酮是存在於部份植物的物質，是吸收紫外線輻射的光線過濾器，保護植物裡容易受損的DNA鏈及其他重要的大分子。

Isotonix ® 綜合維他命沖飲

維他命 A (β 胡蘿蔔素 )
維他命 A 是脂溶性維他命，身體組織藉以促進生長和修護。維他命 A 是視黃醇、視黃醛和 β 胡蘿蔔素等複合物家族的成員。 β 胡蘿蔔素是維他命 A 原，在體內會轉變成維他命 A 。維他命 A 的來源包括了器官肉類 ( 例如肝臟和腎臟 ) 、蛋黃、奶油、牛乳和鱈魚肝油。維他命 A 促進眼睛對於光線的敏感度，並且在低光環境下維持夜視力。維他命 A 支援上皮組織的正常功能，並且有助維持皮膚和黏膜的健康。維他命 A 也幫助牙齒與骨骼的成長與發展。

鈣
鈣質存在於乳製品（牛奶、乳酪、優格）、大白菜、羽衣甘藍和青花椰菜、豆腐和帶刺的沙丁魚。

鈣質是重要的礦物質，具有許多生物功能。鈣質主要是以氫氧基磷灰石的形式 (hydroxyapatite，Ca10 (PO4)6 (OH)2) 存在於骨骼之中。氫氧基磷灰石大約佔骨骼重量40%。骨骼明顯需要補充鈣質，而且骨骼也是鈣質的儲藏室。除了是骨頭和牙齒的主要組成物之外，鈣質也能夠維護正常肌肉收縮、神經傳導、心血管健康、血液凝結、能量製造和維護健康的免疫系統。

鈣質對於健康的骨骼與牙齒非常重要。要維持骨骼密度，每天必須補充足量的鈣質。血液中鈣質的含量是由PTH（副甲狀腺荷爾蒙）調節。當你每天沒有攝取足夠的鈣質，你的身體會從骨骼中吸取鈣質，進而造成骨質流失和骨質疏鬆症。

鎂
富含鎂的食物包括了糙米、堅果和綠色蔬菜。綠葉蔬菜含有豐富的鎂，主要是因為其葉綠素。肉類、澱粉類和牛奶的鎂含量較少。經過加工的食物基本上的鎂含量都很低。某些調查報告指出，低攝取量或透過飲食攝取鎂是不足夠的。

鎂是骨骼構造的必需礦物質，也是成人體內鉀和鈣代謝作用不可或缺的元素。鎂幫助維持鉀、磷和鈣。鎂也能提升鈣的調動，在細胞內輸送並且加以利用。鎂維護肌肉和神經組織的功能。鎂與碘、鉀和鈣協同支援心臟、肌肉與神經的正常功能。 錳 錳是一種礦物質，植物和動物都含有大量的錳。錳最佳的飲食來源包含全穀類、堅果、葉菜和茶葉。錳存在於穀糠，但穀糠常在加工過程中去除。只有微量的錳存在於人體組織中。錳主要儲存於骨骼、肝臟、腎臟和胰腺。錳是抗氧化酵素「含錳超氧歧解酶」 (MnSOD) 的成份。

維他命 C
維他命 C 最佳的食物來源包含了所有的柑橘類水果 ( 柳丁、葡萄柚、檸檬、橘子 ) ，以及例如草莓、蕃茄、球花甘藍、球芽甘藍、胡椒和甜瓜等水果與蔬菜。維他命 C 是相當脆弱的維他命，營養價值很容易在烹煮過程或曝露於氧氣而受到傷害。

維他命 C 能促進維他命的「節約」效果，讓身體能夠更加利用多種維他命和礦物質，例如： 硫胺素、核黃素、泛酸、生物素、葉酸、 B12 、 A 醛和 α- 生育酚以及礦物質鈣。它幫助膠原組成。維他命 C 有助維護細胞安排的緊密度。它參與了體內的氧化還原反應。它也支援結締組織、骨骼與牙齒的成長。維他命 C 提升鐵質吸收能力。

 維他命 C 已成為這世界最受歡迎的維他命，原因之一是因為它在幫助身體抗炎過程的重要角色 ( 支援免疫系統 ) ，它的另一重要功能是強化血管和牙齦。好處似乎夠多了，但維他命 C 的重要性不僅止於此。

人體需要補充維他命 C 最有說服力的原因在於：人類無法在體內製造維他命 C 。一項測試體重與維他命 C 製造量相對關係的動物實驗顯示：動物能製造出大約相當人類每日服用 3,000 到 7,000 毫克維他命 C 的量。因為維他命 C 為水溶性，它每日都被排除至體外。因為人類無法一直食用含有充足維他命 C 的食物，所以服用維他命 C 補充品相當有益。

維他命 D3
大多數人類獲得維他命 D 的主要途徑就是規律的日曬。維他命 D 的食物來源有維他命 D 強化牛奶、鱈魚肝油和鮭魚等含有大量脂肪的魚類。蛋黃和肝臟也含有少量維他命 D 。

維他命 D3 可以幫助吸收鈣質和磷。它幫助牙齒與骨骼的成長與發展。維他命 D3 也幫助維護血液中鈣的正常水準。維他命 D3 也有助維護神經與肌肉的正常功能，並且幫助骨骼的鈣化。

維他命 E
維他命 E 是體內最有效的脂溶性抗氧化物，維他命 E 保護細胞膜免於自由基的傷害，它能增強免疫功能及外傷的痊癒。維他命 E 也能幫助支持心血管健康。維他命 E 最佳的飲食來源有蔬菜油、人造奶油、堅果、種籽、鱷梨和小麥胚芽。紅花油富含大量的維他命 E ，而玉米油和大豆油的含量則較少。

維他命 E 和生育醇 (tocopherols) 與三烯生育醇 (tocotrienols) 同屬相關的複合物家族。維他命 E 能以自然或複合形式獲得。自然形式的維他命 E 在體內吸收與保持能力較佳。我們使用的配方就是採用自然形式的維他命 α- 生育酚，或稱為右旋維他命 E 。

鉀
富含鉀的食物包括了新鮮蔬果，例如香蕉、柳丁、哈蜜瓜、鱷梨、生菠菜、甘藍菜和芹菜。鉀是幫助維持體液平衡的巨量礦物質。在眾多生化和生理過程中，鉀都扮演重要的角色。

維他命 B12
維他命 B12 ，可以在器官肉類、肝臟、牛肉、豬肉、蛋類、全脂牛奶、乳酪、全麥麵包和魚類獲得。除了少量取自味噌和天貝等發酵豆類製品及花生外，維他命 B12 只能在動物製品中獲得。對於素食者而言，服用維他命 B12 以維持最佳健康狀態是很必要的。維他命 B12 在消化時，會被儲存到肝臟和其他組織，以利日後使用。維他命 B12 參與能量代謝，能維護皮膚健康。

維他命 B 群 (B1 、菸鹼胺、泛酸、生物素 )
維他命 B 群主要存在於肉類、豆類、穀類、蛋、堅果、種籽和啤酒酵母。維他命 B1 參與能量代謝過程。它有助維護神經系統與心血管系統的正常功能。菸鹼胺參與能量代謝。它維護健康的皮膚、神經與消化系統。泛酸與生物素參與能量代謝。它們也參與脂肪和膽固醇的組成過程，並且幫助胺基酸代謝。

葉酸
葉酸主要存在於水果和蔬菜。深色的綠葉蔬菜、柳丁、柳丁汁、豆類和豌豆和啤酒酵母都是提供維他命 B 群最佳的來源。葉酸可以提升維他命 B12 補充物的益處。這二種維他命 B 協力合作，維護正常的紅血球細胞。葉酸是輔酵素構成成份。葉酸參與核酸與核蛋白的組成過程。它也幫助維護胎兒的正常成長與發展。

維他命 B2
維他命 B2 存在於肝臟、乳製品、深綠色蔬菜和某些種類的海鮮。維他命 B2 作為輔酵素，和其他的維他命 B 協同作用。維他命 B2 參與能量代謝，並且維護皮膚健康。

維他命 B6
維他命 B6 的主要來源是家禽、魚類、全穀類和香蕉。維他命 B6 是一種輔酵素，參與蛋白質和胺基酸的代謝轉化，並且幫助維持適當的體液平衡。維他命 B6 參與胺基酸的代謝。維他命 B6 幫助色胺酸轉變為菸鹼酸。維他命 B6 有助維護健康的紅血球細胞及神經系統。維他命 B6 應該加入其他維他命 B 群，以達到最佳效果。

碘
碘的來源是海鮮及加碘食鹽。碘有助維持正常成長與發展。

硒
硒最佳的飲食來源包含堅果、未加工穀類、糙米、小麥胚芽和海鮮。

銅
銅是人類食物營養中必要的微量礦物質，它對一系列維護健康的生化過程是很重要的。銅的最佳飲食來源是堅果、種籽、小麥麩皮穀類、全麥製品、肝臟、腎臟、貝類海鮮、牡蠣和甲殼海鮮。一些實驗性質的報告指出，缺乏銅的人補充銅劑可能有助他們的免疫功能。

鉻
在瘦身業，許多人把鉻視為體重控制不可或缺的礦物質，因為鉻幫助身體結實和增加肌肉。百分之九十以上的美式飲食無法提供鉻的建議用量。

鉻天然存在於某些啤酒酵母、穀類加工食品、青花椰菜、梅乾、菇類、啤酒、香料、紅糖、咖啡、茶、葡萄酒和肉類中。

鋅
鋅大多存在於營養強化的穀類加工食品、紅肉、蛋、家禽和牡蠣等海鮮。鋅是多種酵素和蛋白質的組成物。鋅是一種重要的微量礦物質，參與三百多種不同的酵素反應。因此，鋅支援幾乎所有的生化路徑和生理過程。體內超過 90% 的鋅都儲存於骨骼和肌肉，但是幾乎所有的身體組織也能發現鋅。鋅參與核酸和蛋白質組成，以及能量代謝。

NutriClean 腸道營養纖維粉

左旋麩醯胺酸
含高蛋白質的食物如肉類、魚、豆及奶類產品等都是麩醯胺酸的絕佳來源。麩醯胺酸是一種有助恢復健康的胺基酸，是消化道的能源。麩醯胺酸能有助促進免疫系統健康。大量運動、感染、手術或創傷均能損耗人體的麩醯胺酸儲備，尤其是肌肉細胞內的麩醯胺酸。由於腸道細胞使用麩醯胺酸作能源，左旋麩醯胺酸補充品一直被用作促進消化健康。

菊糖纖維（菊苣根的低聚果糖萃取物）
菊糖纖維是一種益菌素纖維，益菌素(Prebiotics)是益菌的食物來源。菊糖或低聚果糖是澱粉形態的纖維，人體不能完全消化。當人體進食益菌素時，未能消化的部份為消化道的益菌提供養份。菊糖可促進益菌數量增長，如結腸-內的雙叉桿菌(bifidobacteria)。雙叉桿菌可抑制致病細菌的滋長。

Fibersol-2（可溶性纖維葡萄糖聚合物複合物）5,000毫克
Fibersol-2 是一種水溶性纖維，對消除廢物及腸道清洗有正面的效果，因此，或有助於穩定血壓。這種創新的食用纖維是透過玉米粉高溫分解及穩定酵素水解而製成的噴霧風乾粉末。Fibersol-2被美國食品藥物主管機構給予「安全可靠」的檢驗標記，與麥芽糊精同樣安全，易於溶於水中，而且不含任何味道。

Fibersol-2的黏性低，水溶性高，以及吸水度低，溶於水中成為清澈的溶液。

生理學上，Fibersol-2顯示能促進正常的腸道活動規律及排便量。Fibersol-2能增加大腸中的益菌數量。

由於Fibersol-2 對健康的益處及其廣泛的用途，它在日本被應用在大量「具有特別健康用途的食品」(Foods for Specified Health Use)。在日本，巿面售賣含有 Fibersol-2 的飲品、曲奇餅及香腸等均標明聲稱有促進「腸道規律」效果。

益生菌混合物（包括嗜乳酸桿菌、胚芽乳酸桿菌、雙歧雙叉桿菌及酪蛋白乳酸桿菌）
益生菌如嗜酸桿菌是特定形式的細菌，亦稱之為「益菌」。事實上，這些細菌有助維持健康的消化道功能。益菌量減少是正常的，但益菌量必須維持在適當的水平，以壓倒其他致病的細菌，如益菌量下降，其他細菌則會開始大量滋長。

總括來說，益生菌支援免疫系統確認入侵生物的能力。長期服用益菌，免疫系統中幾種主要的「戰士」，包括吞噬細胞、免疫球蛋白及細胞激素都獲益。

排毒是怎樣運作？
在日常運作過程中，身體自然排出所產生的有毒廢物的能力可能會逐漸減弱。當毒素保留並堆積在體內時，便稱為毒血症。排毒除了可有助清除血液和組織中的有毒殘留物，亦能清潔和恢復整個排泄系統，清除堵塞在腸道和肺部的癈物。排毒亦有助清理運作緩慢的腎臟和膀胱。隨著腐蝕性的污染物，如氨或過量的脂肪酸，被排出體外，身體組織及系統便能夠重新正常運作，從而重新啟動你的新陳代謝，並為身體減重作好準備。

使用TLS排毒組合時，還可以做些什麼來增強效果？
為了增強TLS排毒的效果，你應該多攝取新鮮水果及蔬菜。吸取更多的天然食物及增加你的運動量。 你每天不應該喝多於一份或一杯含有咖啡因的飲料。體內清潔能提高能量水平。減低攝取蛋白質，因為蛋白質含有氨，而氨必須由肝臟過濾。限制蛋和肉（特別是紅肉）的攝取量能減少肝臟的壓力。 同時應避免食用精製糖和碳水化合物，包括曲奇，餅乾和其他包裝食品，以減少排毒過程中胰島素分泌的刺激。此外，遠離人造甜味劑和MSG，常用的添加劑，以及任何其他不是天然食物成分，以避免對肝臟造成額外的壓力。進行排毒時，你必須避免以下事項：

加工食品－ 如：午餐肉，盒裝飯，白麵包和芝士食品。

吸煙－香煙含有數千種有毒化學物質。盡可能，請避免吸煙。

汽水飲料－磷酸可能會使身體的pH值平衡，同時大量飲用汽水飲料會使大量鈣質從骨骼中消耗。 另外，汽水飲料也可含有高的糖份。

氫化油－食物被氫化後可以增加其穩定性和儲存時間，但在這過程中同時亦產生更多飽和脂肪。人造牛油，塗麵包的醬料，煮食油和商業烘焙食品含有氫化脂肪（或反式脂肪），這都可增加患心血管的風險。

誰應該使用TLS排毒組合？
如果你正在開始或重新開始減重計劃，排毒可有助促進或啟動你的新陳代謝。特別當你遇到減重的停滯期，而你的運動和飲食習慣並沒有改變時，進行排毒計劃可能是你所需要的選擇！

誰不應該使用TLS排毒組合？
如果你經常腹瀉，請諮詢你的醫生。如果你正在懷孕，哺乳，服用藥物或有其他病患，請在使用本產品前諮詢醫生。如果你在使用期間感到腹痛，噁心或嘔吐，請勿使用本產品。如果你對任何在這些產品中的成分過敏，請勿使用TLS排毒組合。

TLS排毒組合產品安全嗎﹖
TLS 排毒組合安全及不含有害物質。本產品在美國製造，並於經美國食品及藥物管理局檢測的設備生產，符合良好生產規範。顧客對本產品的質量和安全可絕對有信心。這些產品不用於診斷，治療或預防任何疾病。

TLS CORE

• Anderson, R. Effects of chromium on body composition and weight loss. Nutrition Reviews. 56(9): 266-270, 1998.
• Anderson, R., et al. Chromium supplementation of human subjects: effects on glucose, insulin, and lipid variables. Metabolism. 32(9): 894-899, 1983.
• Blundell, J., et al. Regulation of appetite: role of leptin in signaling systems for drive and satiety. International Journal of Obesity. 25(Supplement 1): 529-534, 2001.
• Bray, G. and York, D. Clinical review 90: Leptin and clinical medicine: a new piece in the puzzle of obesity. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism. 82(9):2771-6, 1997.
• Cakir, B., et al. Leptin inhibits gastric emptying in rats: role of CCK receptors and vagal afferent fibers. Physiology Research. 56: 315-322, 2007.
• Cefalu, W. and Hu, F. Role of chromium in human health and in diabetes. Diabetes Care. 27: 2741- 2751, 2004.
• Celleno, L., et al. A dietary supplement containing standardized Phaseolus vulgaris extract influences body composition of overweight men and women. International Journal of Medical Sciences. 4(1):45-52, 2007.
• Cohen P., et al. Selective deletion of leptin receptor in neurons leads to obesity. Journal of Clinical Investigation. 108(8):1113-21, 2001.
• Di Pierro, F., et al. GreenSelect® Phytosome as an adjunct to a low-calorie diet for treatment of obesity: a clinical trial. Alternative Medicine Review. 14:154-160, 2009.
• Flegal, K., et al. Prevalence and trends in obesity among US adults, 1999-2008. JAMA. 303(3):235-241, 2010.
• Fox, G. and Sabovic, Z. Chromium picolinate supplementation for diabetes mellitus. The Journal of Family Practice. 46: 83-86, 1998.
• French, S. Effects of dietary fat and carbohydrate on appetite vary depending upon site and structure. British Journal of Nutrition. 93(Supplement 1): S23-S26, 2004.
• Friedman, J. The function of leptin in nutrition, weight, and physiology. Nutrition Reviews. 60(10 Pt 2):S1-14; discussion S68-84, 85-7, 2002. Review.
• Kaats, G., et al. A randomized, double-masked, placebo-controlled study of the effects of chromium picolinate supplementation on body composition: a replication and extension of a previous study. Current Therapeutic Research. 59(6): 379-387, 1998.
• Kuate, D., et al. The use of LeptiCore in reducing fat gain and managing weight loss in patients with metabolic syndrome. Lipids in Health and Disease. 9: 1-7, 2010.
• Lee, N. and Reasner, C. Beneficial effect of chromium supplementation on serum triglyceride levels in NIDDM. Diabetes Care. 17(12): 1449-1452, 1994.
• Martin, J., et al. Chromium picolinate supplementation attenuates body weight gain and increases insulin sensitivity in subjects with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care. 29(8): 1826-1832, 2006.
• Obiro, W., et al. The nutraceutical role of Phaseolus vulgaris alpha-amylase inhibitor. British Journal of Nutrition. 100: 1-12, 2008.
• Pittler, M. and Ernst, E. Dietary supplements for body-weight reduction: a systematic review. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 79(4): 529-536, 2004.
• Preuss H. Bean amylase inhibitor and other carbohydrate absorption blockers: effects on diabesity and general health. Journal of the American College of Nutrition. 28(3):266-76, 2009.
• Qi, Y., et al. Adiponectin acts in the brain to decrease body weight. Nature Medicine. 10(5):524-9, 2004.
• Rabinovitz, H., et al. Effect of chromium supplementation on blood glucose and lipid levels in type 2 diabetes mellitus elderly patients. International Journal of Vitamin and Nutrition Research. 74(3):178-82, 2004.
• Sinha, M. Evidence of free and bound leptin in human circulation. Studies in lean and obese subjects and during short-term fasting. Journal of Clinical Investigation. 98(6):1277-82, 1996.
• Sparti, A., et al. Effect of diets high or low in unavailable and slowly digestible carbohydrates on the pattern of 24-h substrate oxidation and feeling of hunger in humans. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 73: 1462-1468, 2000.
• TalYeh, G., et al. Systematic review of herbs and dietary supplements for glycemic control in diabetes. Diabetes Care. 26(4): 1277-1294, 2003.
• Udani J., et al. Blocking carbohydrate absorption and weight loss: a clinical trial using Phase 2 brand proprietary fractionated white bean extract. Alternative Medicine Review. 9(1):63-9, 2004.
• Udani, J and Singh B. Blocking carbohydrate absorption and weight loss: a clinical trial using a proprietary fractionated white bean extract. Alternative Therapies in Health and Medicine. 13(4):32-7, 2007.
• Venables, M., et al. Green tea extract ingestion, fat oxidation and glucose tolerance in healthy humans. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 87:778-84, 2008.
• Wang, M., et al. Fat storage in adipocytes requires inactivation of leptin’s paracrine activity: implications for treatment of human obesity. Proceedings National Academy of Sciences USA. 102(50):18011-6, 2005.
• Zeman, M., et al. Leptin, adiponectin, leptin to adiponectin ratio and insulin resistance in depressive women. Neuro Endocrinology Letters. 30(3):387-95, 2009.
  
  

CURCUMIN EXTREME

• Araujo, C. and Leon, L. Biological activities of Curcuma longa L. Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. 96(5): 723-728, 2001.
• Biswas, S., et al. Curcumin induces glutathione biosynthesis and inhibits NF-kappaB activation and interleukin-8 release in alveolar epithelial cells: mechanism of free radical scavenging activity. Antioxidants and Redox Signaling. 7(1-2): 32-41, 2005.
• Cheng, Y., et al. Effects of curcumin on peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma expression and nuclear translocation/redistribution in culture-activated rat hepatic stellate cells. Chinese Medical Journal. 120(9): 794-801, 2007.
• Cornblatt, B., et al. Preclinical and clinical evaluation of sulforaphane for chemoprevention in the breast. 28(7): 1485-1490, 2007.
• Dairam, A., et al. Curcuminoids, curcumin, and demethoxycurcumin reduce lead-induced memory deficits in male Wistar rats. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. 55(3): 1039- 1044, 2007.
• Dickinson, D., et al. Curcumin alters EpRE and AP-1 binding complexes and elevates glutamate- cysteine ligase gene expression. FASEB. 17(3): 473-475, 2003.
• Farombi, E., et al. Curcumin attenuates dimethylnitrosamine-induced liver injury in rats through Nrf2-mediated induction of heme oxygenase-1. Food and Chemical Toxicology. 46(4): 1279-1287, 2008.
• Funk, J., et al. Turmeric extracts containing curcuminoids prevent experimental rheumatoid arthritis. Journal of Natural Products. 69(3): 351-355, 2006.
• Gao, X. and Talalay, P. Induction of phase 2 genes by sulforaphane protects retinal pigment epithelial cells against photooxidative damage. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 101(28): 10446-10451, 2004.
• Garcia-Alloza, M., et al. Curcumin labels amyloid pathology in vivo, disrupts existing plaques, and partially restores distorted neurites in an Alzheimer mouse model. Journal of Neurochemistry. 102(4): 1095-1104, 2007.
• Jagetia, G. and Aggarwal, B. "Spicing up" of the immune system by curcumin. Journal of Clinical Immunology. 27(1): 19-35, 2007.
• Juge, N., et al. Molecular basis for chemoprevention by sulforaphane: a comprehensive review.Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences. 64(9): 1105-1127, 2007.
• Kaur, G., et al. Inhibition of oxidative stress and cytokine activity by curcumin in amelioration of endotoxin-induced experimental hepatoxicity in rodents. Clinical and Experimental Immunology. 145(2): 313-321, 2006.
• Kim, G., et al. Curcumin inhibits immunostimulatory function of dendritic cells: MAPKs and translocation of NF-kappa B as potential targets. Journal of Immunology. 174(12): 8116-8124,2005.
• Kurup, V., et al. Immune response modulation by curcumin in a latex allergy model. Clinical and Molecular Allergy. 5: 1, 2007.
• Lim, G., et al. The curry spice curcumin reduces oxidative damage and amyloid pathology in an Alzheimer transgenic mouse. Journal of Neuroscience. 21(21): 8370-8377, 2001.
• Lin, J. Molecular targets of curcumin. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology. 595:227-243, 2007.
• Magalska, A., et al. Curcumin induces cell death without oligonucleosomal DNA fragmentation in quiescent and proliferating human CD8+ cells. Acta Biochimica Polonica. 53(3): 531-538, 2006.
• Maheshwari, R., et al. Multiple biological activities of curcumin: a short review. Life Sciences.
  78(18): 2081-2087, 2006.
• Mathuria, N. and Verma, R. Ameliorative effect of curcumin on aflatoxin-induced toxicity in
• DNA, RNA and protein in liver and kidney of mice. Acta Poloniae Pharmaceutica. 64(6): 497-
  502, 2007.
• Curcuma longa (turmeric). Alternative Medicine Review. 6(suppl): S62-S66, 2001.
• Morimitsu, Y., et al. A sulforaphane analogue that potently activates the Nrf2-dependent detoxification pathway. Journal of Biological Chemistry. 277(5): 3456-3463, 2002.
• Naik, R., et al. Protection of liver cells from ethanol cytotoxicity by curcumin in liver slice
  culture in vitro. Journal of Ethnopharmacology. 95(1): 31-37, 2004.
• Nanji, A., et al. Curcumin prevents alcohol-induced liver disease in rats by inhibiting the expression of NF-kappa B-dependent genes. American Journal of Physiology. 284(2): G321-G327, 2003.
• Ng, T., et al. Curry consumption and cognitive function in the elderly. American Journal of
  164(9): 898-906, 2006.
• Nishinaka, T., et al. Curcumin activates human glutathione S-transferase P1 expression through antioxidant response element. Toxicology Letters. 170(3): 238-247, 2007.
• Noyan-Ashraf, M., et al. Dietary approach to decrease aging-related CNS inflammation.
  Nutritional Neuroscience. 8(2): 101-110, 2005.
• O’Connell, M. and Rushworth, S. Curcumin: potential for hepatic fibrosis therapy? British
  Journal of Pharmacology. 153(3): 403-405, 2007.
• Osawa, T. Nephroprotective and hepatoprotective effects of curcuminoids. Advances in
  Experimental Medicine and Biology. 595: 407-423, 2007.
• Pari, L. and Amali, D. Protective role of tetrahydrocurcumin (THC) an active principle of
  turmeric on chloroquine induced hepatotoxicity in rats. Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical
  8(1): 115-123, 2005.
• Rushworth, S., et al. Role of protein kinase C delta in curcumin-induced antioxidant response element-mediated gene expression in human monocytes. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications. 341(4): 1007-1016, 2006.
• Salvioli, S., et al. Curcumin in cell death processes: A challenge for CAM of age-related pathologies. Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine. 4(2): 181-190, 2007.
• Scapagnini, G., et al. Curcumin activates defensive genes and protects neurons against
  oxidative stress. Antioxidants and Redox Signaling. 8(3-4): 395-403, 2006.
• Shen, S., et al. Protective effect of curcumin against liver warm ischemia/reperfusion injury in rat model is associated with regulation of heat shock protein and antioxidant enzymes. World Journal of Gastroenterology. 13(13): 1953-1961, 2007.
• Shishodia, S., et al. Curcumin: getting back to the roots. Annals of the New York Academy of
  1056: 206-217, 2005.
• Shu, J., et al. The study of therapeutic effects of curcumin on hepatic fibrosis and variation of correlated cytokine. Journal of Chinese Medicinal Materials. 30(11): 1421-1425, 2007.
• Shu, J., et al. Therapeutic effects of curcumin treatment on hepatic fibrosis. Chinese Journal of
  15(10): 753-757, 2007.
• Shukla, P., et al. Protective effect of curcumin against lead neurotoxicity in rat. Human and
  Experimental Toxicology. 22(12): 653-658, 2003.
• Smith, T., et al. Allyl-isothiocyanate causes mitotic block, loss of cell adhesion and disrupted cytoskeletal structure in HT29 cells. Carcinogenesis. 25(8): 1409-1415, 2004.
• Srinivasan, M., et al. Protective effect of curcumin on gamma-radiation induced DNA damage and lipid peroxidation in cultured human lymphocytes. Mutation Research. 611(1-2): 96-103,
• Thejass, P. and Kuttan, G. Antimetastatic activity of Sulforaphane. Life Sciences. 78(26): 3043-
  3050, 2006.
• Thejass, P. and Kuttan, G. Augmentation of natural killer cell and antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity in BALB/c mice by sulforaphane, a naturally occurring isothiocyanate from broccoli through enhanced production of cytokines IL-2 and IFN-gamma. Immunopharmacology and Immunotoxicology. 28(3): 443-457, 2006.
• Thejass, P. and Kuttan, G. Immunomodulatory activity of Sulforaphane, a naturally occurring isothiocyanate from broccoli (Brassica oleracea). Phytomedicine. 14(7-8): 538-545, 2007.
• Wakabayashi, N., et al. Protection against electrophile and oxidant stress by induction of the phase 2 response: fate of cysteines of the Keap1 sensor modified by inducers. Proceedings ofthe National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 101(7): 2040-2045, 2004.
• Wei, Q., et al. Inhibition of lipid peroxidation and protein oxidation in rat liver mitochondria by curcumin and its analogues. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta. 1760(1): 70-77, 2006.
• Wu, A., et al. Dietary curcumin counteracts the outcome of traumatic brain injury on oxidative stress, synaptic plasticity, and cognition. 197(2): 309-317, 2006.
• Xu, Y., et al. Curcumin reverses the effects of chronic stress on behavior, the HPA axis, BDNF
  expression and phosphorylation of CREB. Brain Research. 1122(1): 56-64, 2006.
• Yadav, V., et al. Immunomodulatory effects of curcumin. Immunopharmacology and
  27(3): 485-497, 2005.
• Yang, F., et al. Curcumin inhibits formation of amyloid beta oligomers and fibrils, binds plaques, and reduces amyloid in vivo. Journal of Biological Chemistry. 280(7): 5892-5901, 2005.
• Ye, S., et al. Effect of curcumin on the induction of glutathione S-transferases and
  NADP(H):quinone oxidoreductase and its possible mechanism of action. Acta Pharmaceutica
  42(4): 376-380, 2007.
• Zhang, L., et al. Curcuminoids enhance amyloid-beta uptake by macrophages of Alzheimer's
  disease patients. Journal of Alzheimer’s Disease. 10(1): 1-7, 2006.
• Zheng, S. and Chen, A. Curcumin suppresses the expression of extracellular matrix genes in activated hepatic stellate cells by inhibiting gene expression of connective tissue growth factor. American Journal of Physiology. 290(5): G883-G893, 2006.
• Zheng, S. and Chen, A. Disruption of transforming growth factor-beta signaling by curcumin induces gene expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma in rat hepatic stellate cells. American Journal of Physiology. 292(1): G113-G123, 2007.
• Zheng, S., et al. De novo synthesis of glutathione is a prerequisite for curcumin to inhibit hepatic stellate cell (HSC) activation. Free Radical Biology and Medicine. 43(3): 444-453, 2007.
  
  

Isotonix OPC-3 Powder Drink

• Araghi-Niknam M, et al.. Pine bark extract reduces platelet aggregation. Integr. Med. 2000 Mar 21;2(2):73-77
• Bayeta, E., et al. Pycnogenol inhibits generation of inflammatory mediators in macrophages. Nutrition Research 20: 249-259, 2000.
• Bertelli AA, et al. Antiplatelet activity of cis-resveratrol. Drugs Exp Clin Res1996;22:61–3.
• Blazsó, G., et al. Anti-inflammatory and superoxide radical scavengingactivities of a procyanidins containing extract from the bark of Pinus pinaster Sol. and its fractions. Pharm Pharmacol Lett 3: 217-20, 1994.
• Chen CK, Pace-Asciak CR. Vasorelaxing activity of resveratrol and quercetinin isolated rat aorta. Gen Pharmacol 1996;27:363–6.
• Cho, K., et al. Effect of bioflavonoids extracted from the bark of Pinusmaritima on proinflammatory cytokine interlukin-1 production in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW 264. 7. Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology 168: 64-71, 2000.
• Cho, K., et al. Inhibition mechanisms of bioflavonoids extracted from the bark of Pinus maritima on the expression of proinflammatory cytokines. Annals of the NY Academy of Sciences 928: 141-156, 2001.
• Devaraj, S., et al. Supplementation with a pine barks extract rich in polyphenols increases plasma antioxidant capacity and alters the plasma lipoprotein profile. Lipids 37:931-4, 2002.
• Fine, A. Oligomeric proanthocyanidin complexes: history, structure, and phytopharmaceutical applications. Altern Med Rev 5:144-51, 2000. Review.
• Fitzpatrick, D., et al. Endothelium-dependent vascular effects of Pycnogenol. Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology 32: 509-515, 1998.
• Frankel, E., et al. Inhibition of oxidation of human low-density lipoprotein by phenolic substances in red wine. Lancet 341: 454-7, 1993.
• Freedman, J., et al. Select flavonoids and whole juice from purple grapes inhibit platelet function and enhance nitric oxide release. Circulation 103:2792-8, 2001.
• Frémont, L. Biological effects of resveratrol. Life Sciences 66: 663-673, 2000.
• Gulati, O. Pycnogenol® in venous disorders: a review. European Bulletin of Drug Research 7: 1-13, 1999.
• Hosseini, S., et al. Pycnogenol® in the management of asthma. Journal of Medicinal Food 4: 201-209, 2001.
• Kohama, T., et al. Analgesic efficacy of French maritime pine bark extract in dysmenorrhea. Journal of Reproductive Medicine 49: 828-32, 2004.
• Kohama, T., et al. The treatment of gynecological disorders with Pycnogenol®. European Bulletin of Drug Research 7: 30-32, 1999.
• Liu, X., et al. Antidiabetic effect of Pycnogenol French maritime pine bark extract in patients with diabetes type II. Life Sci 75:2505-13, 2004.
• Liu, X., et al. French maritime pine bark extract pycnogenol dosedependently lowers glucose in type 2 diabetic patients. Diabetes Care 27: 839, 2004.
• Manna, S., et al. Resveratrol suppresses TNF-Induced activation of nuclear transcription factors NF-kB, activator protein-1, and apoptosis: potential role of reactive oxygen intermediates and lipid peroxidation. The Journal of Immunology 164: 6509-19, 2000.
• Maritim, A., et al. Effects of pycnogenol treatment on oxidative stress in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 17:193-9, 2003.
• Miyagi, Y., et al. Inhibition of human low-density lipoprotein oxidation by flavonoids in red wine and grape juice. Am J Cardiol 0:1627-31, 1997.
• Miztuani K, et al. Extract of wine phenolics improves aortic biomechanical properties in stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRSP). J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo). 1999 Jan;45 (1):95-106.
• Vaccinium myrtillus (bilberry). Altern Med Rev 6:500-4, 2001.
• Murias, M., et al. Resveratrol analogues as selective cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors: synthesis and structure-activity relationship. Bioorg Med Chem 12: 5571-8, 2004.
• Nuttall SL, et al. An evaluation of the antioxidant activity of a standardized grape seed extract, Leucoselect. J Clin Pharm Ther 23: 385-89, 1998.
• Pace-Asciak CR, et al. Wines and grape juices as modulators of platelet aggregation in healthy human subjects. Clin Chim Acta 1996;246:163–82.
• Packer, L., et al. Antioxidant activity and biologic properties of a procyanidinrich extract from pine (Pinus maritima) bark, pycnogenol. Free Radic Biol Med 27:704-24, 1999. Review.
• Petri G, et al. Spectrophotometric and chromatographic investigation of bilberry anthocyanins for qualification purposes. Acta Pharm Hung. 1994 Jul;64(4):117-22.
• Rohdewald, P. A review of the French maritime pine bark extract (Pycnogenol®), a herbal medication with a diverse clinical pharmacology. Int J Clin Pharmacol Ther 40:158-68, 2002. Review.
• Rohdewald, P. Pycnogenol®. In “Flavonoids in Health and Disease”. Ed. Catherine Rice-Evans and Lester Packer. New York: Marcel Dekker, Inc., 1998. 405-19.
• Roseff, S., et al. Improvement in sperm quality and function with French maritime pine tree bark extract. Journal Reproductive Medicine 47: 821-4, 2002.
• Saito, M., et al. Antiulcer activity of grape seed extract and procyanidins. J Agric Food Chem 46: 1460-4, 1998.
• Sato M, et al. Cardioprotective effects of grape seed proanthocyanidins against ischemic reperfusion injury. J Mol Cell Cardiol. 1999; 31:1289-1297
• Schönlau, F., et al. Pycnogenol® for diabetic retinopathy. International Ophthalmology 24: 161-171, 2002.
• Schönlau, F., et al. The cosmeceutical Pycnogenol®. J Appl Cosmetology 20: 241-6, 2002.
• Segger, D. and Schönlau, F. Supplementation with Evelle® improves skin smoothness and elasticity in a double-blind, placebo-controlled study with 62 women. Journal of Dermatological Treatment 15:222-26, 2004.
• Sharma, S., et al. Pycnogenol® inhibits the release of histamine from mast cells. Phytotherapy Research 17: 66-69, 2003.
• Shi, J., et al. Polyphenolics in grape seeds-biochemistry and functionality. J Med Food 6:291-9, 2003. Review.
• Spadea, L., et al. Treatment of vascular retinopathies with Pycnogenol®. Phytotherapy Research 15: 219-23, 2001.
• Stein, J., et al. Purple grape juice improves endothelial function and reduces the susceptibility of LDL cholesterol to oxidation in patients with coronary artery disease. Circulation 100:1050-5, 1999.
• Ueda, T., et al. Preventative effect of natural and synthetic antioxidants on lipid peroxidation in the mammalian eye. Ophthalmic Res 28: 184-92, 1996.
• Wallerath, T., et al. Resveratrol, a polyphenolic phytoalexin present in red wine, enhances expression and activity of endothelial nitric oxide synthase. Circulation 106:1652-8, 2002.
• Watson, R. Pycnogenol® and cardiovascular health. Evidence-Based Integrative Medicine 1: 27-32, 2003.
• Wei, Z., et al. Pycnogenol enhances endothelial cell antioxidant defense. Redox Report 3: 219-24, 1997.
• Yamakoshi, J., et al. Proanthocyanidin-rich extract from grape seeds attenuates the development of aortic atherosclerosis in cholesterol-fed rabbits. Atherosclerosis 142:139-149, 1999.
  
  

NutriClean Advanced Fiber Powder
(Fibersol-2)

• Satouchi M et al, "Effects of indigestible dextrin on bowel movements," Japanese J Nutr, 51:31-37, 1993.
• Tokunaga K and Matsuoka A, "Effects of a [FOSHU] which contains indigestible dextrin as an effective ingredient on glucose and lipid metabolism," J Japanese Diabetes Society, 42:61-65, 1999.
• Wakabayashi S et al, "Effects of indigestible dextrin on glucose tolerance in rats," J Endocrinology, 144:533-538, 1995.
• Watanabe O et al, "Effects of galacto-oligosaccharide and indigestible dextrin on fat accumulation in broiler," Japanese Poultry Science, 30:35, 1993.

(Inulin)

• Brighenti F, Casiraghi MC, Canzi E, Ferrari A. Effect of consumption of a ready-to-eat breakfast cereal containing inulin on the intestinal milieu and blood lipids in healthy male volunteers. Eur J Clin Nutr. 1999; 53:726-733.
• Cummings JH, Christie S, Cole TJ. A study of fructo oligosaccharides in the prevention of travellers' diarrhoea. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2001;15:1139–1145.
• Davidson MH, Synecki C, Maki KC, Drennen KB. Effects of dietary inulin in serum lipids in men and women with hypercholesterolaemia. Nutr Res. 1998;3:503–17.
• Ducros V, Arnaud J, Tahiri M, et al. Influence of short-chain fructo-oligosaccharides (sc-FOS) on absorption of Cu, Zn, and Se in healthy postmenopausal women. J Am Coll Nutr. 2005;24:30–7.
• Giacco R, Clemente G, Luongo D, et al. Effects of short-chain fructo-oligosaccharides on glucose and lipid metabolism in mild hypercholesterolaemic individuals. Clin Nutr. 2004;23:331–40.
• Jackson KG, Taylor GRJ, Clohessy AM, Williams CM. The effect of the daily intake of inulin on fasting lipid, insulin and glucose concentrations in middle-aged men and women. Br J Nutr. 1999;82:23–30.
• Menne E, Guggenbuhl N, Roberfroid M. Fn-type chicory inulin hydrolysate has a prebiotic effect in humans. J Nutr. 2000; 130:1197-1199.
• Olesen M, Gudmand-Hoyer E. Efficacy, safety, and tolerability of fructooligosaccharides in the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome. Am J Clin Nutr. 2000;72:1570–5.
• Pedersen A, Sandstrom B, van Amelsvoort JMM. The effect of ingestion of inulin on blood lipids and gastrointestinal symptoms in healthy females. Br J Nutr. 1997;78:215–22.
• Reddy BS, Hamid R, Rao CV. Effect of dietary oligofructose and inulin on colonic preneoplastic aberrant crypt foci inhibition. Carcinogenesis. 1997; 18:1371-1374.
• Roberfroid MB, Delzenne NM. Dietary fructans. Annu Rev Nutr. 1998; 18:117-143.
• Roberfroid MB, Van Loo JA, Gibson GR. The bifidogenic nature of chicory inulin and its hydrolysis products. J Nutr. 1998; 128:11-19.
• Schaafsma G, Meuling WJ, van Dokkum W, Bouley C. Effects of a milk product, fermented by Lactobacillus acidophilus and with fructo-oligosaccharides added, on blood lipids in male volunteers. Eur J Clin Nutr. 1998;52:436–40.
• Tahiri M, Tressol JC, Arnaud J, et al. Effect of short-chain fructooligosaccharides on intestinal calcium absorption and calcium status in postmenopausal women: a stable-isotope study. Am J Clin Nutr. 2003;77:449–457.
• Tahiri M, Tressol JC, Arnaud J, et al. Five-week intake of short-chain fructo-oligosaccharides increases intestinal absorption and status of magnesium in postmenopausal women. J Bone Miner Res. 2001;16:2152–2160.
• van Dokkum W, Wezendonk B, Srikumar TS, van den Heuvel EG. Effect of nondigestible oligosaccharides on large-bowel functions, blood lipid concentrations and glucose absorption in young healthy male subjects. Eur J Clin Nutr. 99;53:1–7.
• Waligora-Dupriet AJ, Campeotto F, Nicolis I et al. Effect of oligofructose supplementation on gut microflora and well-being in young children attending a day care centre. Int J Food Microbiol. 2006 Sep 20 [Epub ahead of print]
• Williams CM. Effects of inulin on lipid parameters in humans. J Nutr. 1999; 129(7 Suppl):1471S-1473S.
• Williams CM, Jackson KG. Inulin and oligofructose: effects on lipid metabolism from human studies. Br J Nutr. 2002;87(suppl 2):S261–4.

(L-Glutamine)

• Akobeng AK, Miller V, Stanton J, et al. Double-blind randomized controlled trial of glutamine-enriched polymeric diet in the treatment of active Crohn's disease. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2000;30:78–84.
• Alverdy JC. Effects of glutamine-supplemented diets on immunology of the gut. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr.1990;14(suppl 4):109S–113S.
• Daniele B, Perrone F, Gallo C, et al. Oral glutamine in the prevention of fluorouracil induced intestinal toxicity: a double blind, placebo controlled, randomised trial. Gut. 2001;48:28–33.
• Den Hond E, Hiele M, Peeters M, et al. Effect of long-term oral glutamine supplements on small intestinal permeability in patients with Crohn's disease. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr. 1999;23:7–11.
• Fox AD, Kripke SA, Berman JR, et al. Reduction of the severity of enterocolitis by glutamine-supplemented enteral diets. Surg Forum. 1987;38:43–44.
• Fujita T, Sakurai K. Efficacy of glutamine-enriched enteral nutrition in an experimental model of mucosal ulcerative colitis. Br J Surg. 1995;82:749–751.
• Garcia-de-Lorenzo A, Zarazaga A, Garcia-Luna PP, et al. Clinical evidence for enteral nutritional support with glutamine: a systematic review. Nutrition. 2003;19:805-11.
• Huffman FG, Walgren ME. L-Glutamine supplementation improves nelfinavir-associated diarrhea in HIV-infected individuals. HIV Clin Trials. 2003;4:324-9. gut integrity. Lancet. 1993;341:1363–1365.
• Shabert JK, Winslow C, Lacey JM, et al. Glutamine-antioxidant supplementation increases body cell mass in AIDS patients with weight loss: a randomized, double-blind controlled trial. Nutrition. 1999;15:860–864.
• van der Hulst RR, van Kreel BK, von Meyenfeldt MF, et al. Glutamine and the preservation of gut integrity. 1993 May 29;341(8857):1363-5.
• Yang C, Li N, Li JS. Effect of glutamine on change in early postoperative intestinal permeability and its relation to systemic inflammatory response. World J Gastroenterol. 2004;10:1992-4.
• Zoli G, Care M, Falco F, et al. Effect of oral glutamine on intestinal permeability and nutritional status in Crohn's disease [abstract]. Gastroenterology. 1995;108:A766.

(Probiotic Blend)

• Agerholm-Larsen L, Raben A, Haulrik N, Hansen AS, Manders M, Astrup A. Effect of 8 week intake of probiotic milk products on risk factors for cardiovascular diseases. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2000 Apr;54(4):288-97.
• Arunachalam K, Gill HS, Chandra RK. Enhancement of natural immune function by dietary consumption of Bifidobacterium lactis (HN019). Eur J Clin Nutr. 2000 Mar;54(3):263-7.
• Barone C, Pettinato R, Avola E, Alberti A, Greco D, Failla P, Romano C. Comparison of three probiotics in the treatment of acute diarrhea in mentally retarded children. Minerva Pediatr. 2000 Mar;52(3):161-5.
• Bengmark S. Bacteria for optimal health. Nutrition. 2000 Jul-Aug;16(7-8):611-5.
• Bengmark S. Colonic food: pre- and probiotics. Am J Gastroenterol. 2000 Jan;95(1 Suppl):S5-7.
• Bengmark S. Ecological control of the gastrointestinal tract. The role of probiotic flora. Gut. 1998 Jan;42(1):2-7.
• Biancone L, Pallone F. Current treatment modalities in active Crohn's disease. Ital J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 1999 Aug-Sep;31(6):508-14.
• Caplan MS, Jilling T. Neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis: possible role of probiotic supplementation. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2000;30 Suppl 2:S18-22.
• Cerrato PL. Can "healthy" bacteria ward off disease? RN. 2000 Apr;63(4):71-4.
• Chin J, Turner B, Barchia I, Mullbacher A. Immune response to orally consumed antigens and probiotic bacteria. Immunol Cell Biol. 2000 Feb;78(1):55-66.
• Collins MD, Gibson GR. Probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics: approaches for modulating the microbial ecology of the gut. Am J Clin Nutr. 1999 May;69(5):1052S-1057S.
• Cunningham-Rundles S, Ahrne S, Bengmark S, Johann-Liang R, Marshall F, Metakis L, Califano C, Dunn AM, Grassey C, Hinds G, Cervia J. Probiotics and immune response. Am J Gastroenterol. 2000 Jan;95(1 Suppl):S22-5.
• Davidson GP, Butler RN. Probiotics in pediatric gastrointestinal disorders. Curr Opin Pediatr. 2000 Oct;12(5):477-81.
• de Roos NM, Katan MB. Effects of probiotic bacteria on diarrhea, lipid metabolism, and carcinogenesis: a review of papers published between 1988 and 1998. Am J Clin Nutr. 2000 Feb;71(2):405-11.
• Dugas B, Mercenier A, Lenoir-Wijnkoop I, Arnaud C, Dugas N, Postaire E. Immunity and probiotics. Immunol Today. 1999 Sep;20(9):387-90.
• Dunne C, Murphy L, Flynn S, O'Mahony L, O'Halloran S, Feeney M, Morrissey D, Thornton G, Fitzgerald G, Daly C, Kiely B, Quigley EM, O'Sullivan GC, Shanahan F, Collins JK. Probiotics: from myth to reality. Demonstration of functionality in animal models of disease and in human clinical trials. Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek. 1999 Jul-Nov;76(1-4):279-92.
• Dupont C. Bacterial flora in the infant and intestinal immunity: Implication and prospects for infant food with probiotics. Arch Pediatr. 2000 May;7 Suppl 2:252s-255s.
• Erickson KL, Hubbard NE. Probiotic immunomodulation in health and disease. J Nutr. 2000 Feb;130(2S Suppl):403S-409S.
• Folwaczny C. Probiotics for prevention of ulcerative colitis recurrence: alternative medicine added to standard treatment? Z Gastroenterol. 2000 Jun;38(6):547-50.
• Friedrich MJ. A bit of culture for children: probiotics may improve health and fight disease. JAMA. 2000 Sep 20;284(11):1365-6.
• Gibson GR, Fuller R. Aspects of in vitro and in vivo research approaches directed toward identifying probiotics and prebiotics for human use. J Nutr. 2000 Feb;130(2S Suppl):391S-395S.
• Gibson GR, McCartney AL. Modification of the gut flora by dietary means. Biochem Soc Trans. 1998 May;26(2):222-8.
• Gismondo MR, Drago L, Lombardi A. Review of probiotics available to modify gastrointestinal flora. Int J Antimicrob Agents. 1999 Aug;12(4):287-92.
• Goldin BR. Health benefits of probiotics. Br J Nutr. 1998 Oct;80(4):S203-7.
• Gomez-Gil B, Roque A, Turnbull JF, Inglis V. A review on the use of microorganisms as probiotics. Rev Latinoam Microbiol. 1998 Jul-Dec;40(3-4):166-72.
• Gorbach SL. Probiotics and gastrointestinal health. Am J Gastroenterol. 2000 Jan;95(1 Suppl):S2-4.
• Guslandi M. The relationship between gut microflora and intestinal inflammation. Can J Gastroenterol. 2000 Jan;14(1):32.
• Heyman M. Effect of lactic acid bacteria on diarrheal diseases. J Am Coll Nutr. 2000 Apr;19(2 Suppl):137S-146S.
• Hoerr RA, Bostwick EF. Bioactive proteins and probiotic bacteria: modulators of nutritional health. Nutrition. 2000 Jul-Aug;16(7-8):711-3.
• Holzapfel WH, Haberer P, Snel J, Schillinger U, Huis in't Veld JH. Overview of gut flora and probiotics. Int J Food Microbiol. 1998 May 26;41(2):85-101.
• Hove H, Norgaard H, Mortensen PB. Lactic acid bacteria and the human gastrointestinal tract. Eur J Clin Nutr. 1999 May;53(5):339-50.
• Hoyos AB. Reduced incidence of necrotizing enterocolitis associated with enteral administration of Lactobacillus acidophilus and Bifidobacterium infantis to neonates in an intensive care unit. Int J Infect Dis. 1999 Summer;3(4):197-202.
• Isolauri E. The use of probiotics in paediatrics. Hosp Med. 2000 Jan;61(1):6-7.
• Kasper H. Protection against gastrointestinal diseases--present facts and future developments. Int J Food Microbiol. 1998 May 26;41(2):127-31.
• Kirjavainen PV, Apostolou E, Salminen SJ, Isolauri E. New aspects of probiotics--a novel approach in the management of food allergy. Allergy. 1999 Sep;54(9):909-15.
• Klaenhammer TR. Probiotic bacteria: today and tomorrow. J Nutr. 2000 Feb;130(2S Suppl):415S-416S. 40. Kochhar KP. Probiotics and gastrointestinal function in health and disease. Trop Gastroenterol. 2000 Jan-Mar;21(1):8-11.
• LaMont JT. The renaissance of probiotics and prebiotics. Gastroenterology. 2000 Aug;119(2):291.
• Levy J. Immunonutrition: the pediatric experience. Nutrition. 1998 Jul-Aug;14(7-8):641-7. 43. Macfarlane GT, Cummings JH. Probiotics and prebiotics: can regulating the activities of intestinal bacteria benefit health? BMJ. 1999 Apr 10;318(7189):999-1003.
• Matsuzaki T, Chin J. Modulating immune responses with probiotic bacteria. Immunol Cell Biol. 2000 Feb;78(1):67-73.
• Orrhage K, Nord CE. Bifidobacteria and lactobacilli in human health. Drugs Exp Clin Res. 2000;26(3):95-111.
• Ouwehand AC, Isolauri E, Kirjavainen PV, Tolkko S, Salminen SJ. The mucus binding of Bifidobacterium lactis Bb12 is enhanced in the presence of Lactobacillus GG and Lact. delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus. Lett Appl Microbiol. 2000 Jan;30(1):10-3.
• Reid G. The scientific basis for probiotic strains of Lactobacillus. Appl Environ Microbiol. 1999 Sep;65(9):3763-6.
• Roberfroid MB. Prebiotics and probiotics: are they functional foods? Am J Clin Nutr. 2000 Jun;71(6 Suppl):1682S-7S; discussion 1688S-90S.
• Rolfe RD. The role of probiotic cultures in the control of gastrointestinal health. J Nutr. 2000 Feb;130(2S Suppl):396S-402S.
• Saavedra JM. Probiotics plus antibiotics: regulating our bacterial environment. J Pediatr. 1999 Nov;135(5):535-7.
• Sanders ME. Considerations for use of probiotic bacteria to modulate human health. J Nutr. 2000 Feb;130(2S Suppl):384S-390S.
• Shanahan F. Immunology. Therapeutic manipulation of gut flora. Science. 2000 Aug 25;289(5483):1311-2.
• Shanahan F. Probiotics and inflammatory bowel disease: is there a scientific rationale? Inflamm Bowel Dis. 2000 May;6(2):107-15.
• Studd C. Probiotic containing fermented milk supplement may improve the institution of early enteral nutrition. Crit Care Med. 2000 Apr;28(4):1255-6.
• Szilagyi A. Prebiotics or probiotics for lactose intolerance: a question of adaptation. Am J Clin Nutr. 1999 Jul;70(1):105-6.
• Taylor GR, Williams CM. Effects of probiotics and prebiotics on blood lipids. Br J Nutr. 1998 Oct;80(4):S225-30.
• Torrens JK, McWhinney PH. Probiotics and life-threatening infection. J Infect. 1999 Nov;39(3):246.
• Vanderhoof JA, Whitney DB, Antonson DL, Hanner TL, Lupo JV, Young RJ. Lactobacillus GG in the prevention of antibiotic-associated diarrhea in children. J Pediatr. 1999 Nov;135(5):564-8.
• Vanderhoof JA, Young RJ. Use of probiotics in childhood gastrointestinal disorders. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 1998 Sep;27(3):323-32.
• Vanderhoof JA. Probiotics and intestinal inflammatory disorders in infants and children. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2000;30 Suppl 2:S34-8.
• Vilpponen-Salmela T, Alander M, Satokari R, Bjorkman P, Kontula P, Korpela R, Saxelin M, Mattila-Sandholm T, von Wright A. Probiotic bacteria and intestinal health: new methods of investigation. J Physiol Paris. 2000 Mar-Apr;94(2):157-8.
• von Wright A, Salminen S. Probiotics: established effects and open questions. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 1999 Nov;11(11):1195-8.
• Yasui H, Shida K, Matsuzaki T, Yokokura T. Immunomodulatory function of lactic acid bacteria. Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek. 1999 Jul-Nov;76(1-4):383-9.
• Zhou JS, Shu Q, Rutherfurd KJ, Prasad J, Gopal PK, Gill HS. Acute oral toxicity and bacterial translocation studies on potentially probiotic strains of lactic acid bacteria. Food Chem Toxicol. 2000 Feb-Mar;38(2-3):153-61.